Would a fast charger pay for itself here?
The second Town Sim. One two-stall DC fast-charging site, budgeted in each of 29 US towns — from 1,846 people to 2.7 million — from the town’s own researched numbers (the same packs the Cybercab ladder runs on) plus three federal files: how many electric cars its state registers, how many public fast chargers already stand within 10 miles, and where the town center is. Everything the model brings of its own is listed below and you can change every one of it.
pay back
within 7 years
7 pay back, 2 are marginal, 20 do not pay — under the default assumptions, with no grant, no host revenue share and no highway traffic counted.
The pattern is not subtle. A site pays back where two things are true at once: enough electric cars already live nearby and drivers pay well above the wholesale price. The smallest town that passes is Quincy, IL (38,918 people) — and only because no fast charger stands within 10 miles of it today and its visitors have nowhere else to plug in. The biggest that fails is Buffalo, NY (274,613 people): 39 sites already within 10 miles split the demand.
7 towns have no public fast charger within 10 miles at all — Clifton, AZ, Dover, TN, Malta, MT, Presidio, TX, Quincy, IL, Scott City, KS, Worland, WY. Only Quincy, IL pays back, on its visitors: without a traffic count, a town of a few thousand people cannot fill two stalls from its residents, and the model refuses to invent the highway.
Read it as a budget, not a forecast. The decisive costs — the utility’s demand charge, the build — are our estimates, and the decisive missing input is the highway: we have no traffic count for any town. Both are in the calculator at the bottom; move them and watch which towns flip.
The ladder — all 29 towns, quickest payback first
| Town | EVs nearby | Fast sites ≤10 mi | Price / cost per kWh | Stops a day, vs break-even | Net a year | Payback | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorado Springs, CO494,743 people | 11,340 | 27 | 68¢ / 11.8¢ | 29.8 vs 8.5 | $180,600 | 1.1 yr | Pays back |
| San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA109,914 people | 26,529 | 17 | 76¢ / 23.1¢ | 32.0 vs 10.3 | $158,739 | 1.2 yr | Pays back |
| Las Vegas, NV679,817 people | 34,736 | 34 | 54¢ / 10.8¢ | 32.0 vs 12.0 | $124,607 | 1.5 yr | Pays back |
| Chicago, IL2,731,585 people | 40,674 | 73 | 56¢ / 12.3¢ | 25.1 vs 10.7 | $103,015 | 1.8 yr | Pays back |
| Wichita, KS400,987 people | 2,041 | 9 | 68¢ / 11.2¢ | 17.5 vs 8.8 | $79,136 | 2.4 yr | Pays back |
| Quincy, IL38,918 people | 503 | 0 | 45¢ / 13.0¢ | 25.1 vs 14.1 | $65,425 | 2.9 yr | Pays back |
| Asheville, NC93,523 people | 1,739 | 15 | 61¢ / 10.5¢ | 16.1 vs 10.2 | $55,172 | 3.4 yr | Pays back |
| Fargo, ND136,275 people | 242 | 11 | 51¢ / 8.0¢ | 10.0 vs 10.6 | $15,053 | 12.6 yr | Marginal |
| Nashville, TN721,074 people | 3,386 | 20 | 60¢ / 12.0¢ | 10.2 vs 10.9 | $14,558 | 13.1 yr | Marginal |
| Boise City, ID238,429 people | 2,288 | 13 | 60¢ / 9.2¢ | 7.1 vs 10.2 | −$376 | never | Does not pay |
| Bend, OR107,342 people | 3,209 | 13 | 47¢ / 10.6¢ | 10.2 vs 14.6 | −$1,320 | never | Does not pay |
| Ely, NV3,946 people | 125 | 1 | 66¢ / 9.6¢ | 4.9 vs 8.1 | −$5,716 | never | Does not pay |
| Sarasota, FL58,458 people | 5,212 | 20 | 39¢ / 10.8¢ | 11.0 vs 18.6 | −$7,844 | never | Does not pay |
| Portland, ME69,911 people | 1,653 | 14 | 61¢ / 21.1¢ | 6.1 vs 11.9 | −$13,023 | never | Does not pay |
| Columbia, MO130,851 people | 821 | 8 | 42¢ / 9.7¢ | 6.4 vs 14.2 | −$15,480 | never | Does not pay |
| Stillwater, OK50,046 people | 465 | 4 | 52¢ / 8.0¢ | 5.0 vs 11.4 | −$15,664 | never | Does not pay |
| Buffalo, NY274,613 people | 6,211 | 39 | 47¢ / 23.6¢ | 8.5 vs 19.5 | −$17,166 | never | Does not pay |
| Clifton, AZ3,752 people | 110 | 0 | 48¢ / 13.2¢ | 5.1 vs 14.0 | −$19,881 | never | Does not pay |
| Dover, TN1,918 people | 66 | 0 | 46¢ / 12.9¢ | 5.0 vs 14.9 | −$21,947 | never | Does not pay |
| Cody, WY10,377 people | 60 | 1 | 55¢ / 10.5¢ | 3.4 vs 10.3 | −$22,645 | never | Does not pay |
| Alturas, CA2,634 people | 269 | 1 | 62¢ / 39.5¢ | 6.1 vs 22.0 | −$26,417 | never | Does not pay |
| Charleston, WV46,117 people | 269 | 7 | 44¢ / 12.3¢ | 3.1 vs 15.7 | −$30,688 | never | Does not pay |
| Santa Fe, NM89,837 people | 758 | 20 | 48¢ / 12.2¢ | 2.8 vs 13.2 | −$31,680 | never | Does not pay |
| Worland, WY4,730 people | 15 | 0 | 52¢ / 10.5¢ | 1.5 vs 10.8 | −$33,557 | never | Does not pay |
| Presidio, TX2,909 people | 39 | 0 | 43¢ / 14.2¢ | 1.9 vs 16.7 | −$33,942 | never | Does not pay |
| Scott City, KS3,855 people | 18 | 0 | 47¢ / 12.3¢ | 1.6 vs 12.8 | −$34,293 | never | Does not pay |
| Malta, MT1,846 people | 17 | 0 | 42¢ / 13.5¢ | 1.1 vs 15.6 | −$37,430 | never | Does not pay |
| Winner, SD2,969 people | 10 | 1 | 40¢ / 11.3¢ | 0.7 vs 15.7 | −$39,287 | never | Does not pay |
| Burlington, VT44,019 people | 2,050 | 18 | 24¢ / 19.2¢ | 5.5 vs 100.2 | −$42,774 | never | Does not pay |
EVs nearby = county population × the state’s EVs per 1,000 residents. Stops a day = what the model thinks the site would serve after splitting demand evenly with existing sites; break-even = the stops it needs to cover running costs and write the build off over 10 years.
Town by town — every input, its source, and the arithmetic
Open a town. The first paragraph is the demand, the second the money, and the table is every number the town supplied with where it came from. The gaps are printed, not hidden.
Pays back Colorado Springs, CO — 494,743 people · payback 1.1 yr
Who would charge here. 757,040 people in the county × 15.0 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 11,340 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 119,075 kWh a week, or 3,402.1 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 25,600,000 a year, 4.9% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 253,247 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 2,435.1 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 27 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 29.8 stops a day.
The money. 29.8 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 418,507 kWh a year, sold at 68¢ and bought at 11.8¢. Revenue $284,585; electricity −$49,551; card fees −$8,538; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,996 (rent index 1.17); insurance −$1,500. Net $180,600 a year. Break-even is 8.5 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 1.1 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Colorado Springs, CO
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 494,743 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 757,040 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 14.98 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Colorado had 90,083 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 6,012,561 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 25,600,000 visitors/year | sourced | Visit Colorado Springs |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0488 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 27 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 35 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.68 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Forest Bluffs Supercharger) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1184 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1419 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.166 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 31.7 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00093037 |
Pack researched 2026-09-13 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Colorado Springs, CO ↓
Pays back Las Vegas, NV — 679,817 people · payback 1.5 yr
Who would charge here. 2,407,226 people in the county × 14.4 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 34,736 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 364,731 kWh a week, or 10,420.9 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 41,676,300 a year, 67.9% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 139,045 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 1,337.0 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 34 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 32.0 stops a day (capped: two stalls cannot serve more than 32).
The money. 32.0 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 408,800 kWh a year, sold at 54¢ and bought at 10.8¢. Revenue $220,752; electricity −$43,987; card fees −$6,623; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,636 (rent index 1.11); insurance −$1,500. Net $124,607 a year. Break-even is 12.0 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 1.5 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Las Vegas, NV
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 679,817 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 2,407,226 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 14.43 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Nevada had 47,361 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 3,282,188 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 41,676,300 people | estimated | — LVCVA (the official convention and visitor authority) year-end 2024 count; in a tourist city visitors, not residents, dominate ride-hail demand. Unconfirmed -- treated as our estimate. |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.6792 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 34 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 70 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.54 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (EVgo) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1076 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.0983 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.106 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 47.2 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00053123 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (78 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Las Vegas, NV ↓
Pays back Chicago, IL — 2,731,585 people · payback 1.8 yr
Who would charge here. 5,194,625 people in the county × 7.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 40,674 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 427,076 kWh a week, or 12,202.2 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 56,800,000 a year, 86.2% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 81,815 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 786.7 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 73 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 25.1 stops a day.
The money. 25.1 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 352,367 kWh a year, sold at 56¢ and bought at 12.3¢. Revenue $197,325; electricity −$43,376; card fees −$5,920; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,114 (rent index 1.02); insurance −$1,500. Net $103,015 a year. Break-even is 10.7 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 1.8 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Chicago, IL
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 2,731,585 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 5,194,625 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 7.83 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Illinois had 99,573 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 12,719,141 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 56,800,000 visitors/year | sourced | Choose Chicago |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.8615 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 73 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 209 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.56 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Electrify America station data) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1231 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1453 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.019 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 26 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00014819 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (81 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Chicago, IL ↓
Pays back Wichita, KS — 400,987 people · payback 2.4 yr
Who would charge here. 538,433 people in the county × 3.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 2,041 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 21,427 kWh a week, or 612.2 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 7,000,000 a year, 12.7% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 63,591 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 611.4 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 9 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 17.5 stops a day.
The money. 17.5 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 223,316 kWh a year, sold at 68¢ and bought at 11.2¢. Revenue $151,855; electricity −$25,123; card fees −$4,556; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,140 (rent index 0.69); insurance −$1,500. Net $79,136 a year. Break-even is 8.8 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 2.4 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Wichita, KS
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 400,987 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 538,433 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 3.79 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Kansas had 11,271 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 2,977,220 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 7,000,000 visitors/year | sourced | Visit Wichita |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.1265 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 9 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 13 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.68 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Electrify America public pricing feed) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1125 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1227 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.69 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 33.2 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00003928 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (79 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Wichita, KS ↓
Pays back Quincy, IL — 38,918 people · payback 2.9 yr
Who would charge here. 64,267 people in the county × 7.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 503 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 5,284 kWh a week, or 151.0 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 250,000 a year, 1.6% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 2,557 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 24.6 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 25.1 stops a day.
The money. 25.1 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 352,423 kWh a year, sold at 45¢ and bought at 13.0¢. Revenue $158,590; electricity −$45,956; card fees −$4,758; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$3,552 (rent index 0.59); insurance −$1,500. Net $65,425 a year. Break-even is 14.1 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 2.9 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Quincy, IL
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 38,918 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 64,267 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 7.83 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Illinois had 99,573 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 12,719,141 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 250,000 visitors | estimated | — SeeQuincy and Illinois tourism reports publish spending, not head-counts; Quincy has a modest visitor economy (architecture, river, events) but visitors do not dominate local ride-hail demand. |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0164 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 3 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.45 $/kWh | estimated | — Quincy has seven public CCS DC-fast stalls (ZEF Network at John Wood Community College plus others) but no operator publishes a per-kWh price on an open page; this is a typical Illinois public DCFC rate any hour. |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1304 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1453 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.592 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 27 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00117077 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: Federal cross-check of the pack's fast-charging note — unconfirmed: the note counts 7 fast-charging stalls here, but the DOE/AFDC snapshot lists 0 open public DC fast-charging sites (0 fast ports) within 10 miles; the nearest is Huck Finn Shopping Center - Hannibal, 14.4 mi away (4 ports, CHADEMO J1772 J1772COMBO). The locator is voluntary submission, so this is unconfirmed, not false. A 2024 Illinois EPA grant funded two 2-stall DC fast-charging sites here: Adams Electric Cooperative was awarded $277,814 in April 2024 to install four DC fast charging ports at John Wood Community College and the Quincy Holiday Inn, two vehicles at a time at each. Not yet in the federal locator, and not shown as open. (Muddy River News, 'Illinois EPA grant to fund installation of EV charging ports at Holiday Inn, JWCC', 11 April 2024) The ladder uses the locator count.
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (79 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Quincy, IL ↓
Pays back Asheville, NC — 93,523 people · payback 3.4 yr
Who would charge here. 277,417 people in the county × 6.3 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 1,739 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 18,264 kWh a week, or 521.8 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 13,900,000 a year, 7.9% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 133,154 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 1,280.3 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 15 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 16.1 stops a day.
The money. 16.1 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 205,558 kWh a year, sold at 61¢ and bought at 10.5¢. Revenue $125,390; electricity −$21,604; card fees −$3,762; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$5,952 (rent index 0.99); insurance −$1,500. Net $55,172 a year. Break-even is 10.2 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 3.4 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Asheville, NC
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 93,523 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 277,417 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 6.27 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — North Carolina had 70,164 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 11,197,968 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 13,900,000 visitors/year | estimated | — Explore Asheville / Tourism Economics visitor volume for calendar year 2023, the most recent complete year with a published headcount (Asheville is defined in that study as Buncombe County; 2024 spending was released wit |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0789 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 15 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 22 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.61 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Supercharger, Asheville Westgate) |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1051 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.992 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 38.2 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00013872 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: power_utility_rate_commercial
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (78 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Asheville, NC ↓
Marginal Fargo, ND — 136,275 people · payback 12.6 yr
Who would charge here. 201,794 people in the county × 1.2 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 242 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 2,543 kWh a week, or 72.6 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 8,185,600 a year, 6.8% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 79,384 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 763.3 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 11 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 10.0 stops a day.
The money. 10.0 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 139,848 kWh a year, sold at 51¢ and bought at 8.0¢. Revenue $71,322; electricity −$11,216; card fees −$2,140; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,014 (rent index 0.67); insurance −$1,500. Net $15,053 a year. Break-even is 10.6 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 12.6 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Fargo, ND
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 136,275 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 201,794 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 1.2 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — North Dakota had 959 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 799,358 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors (2025) | 8,185,600 person-trips/year | derived | — Calendar year 2025, Cass County (Fargo's county): Tourism Economics visitor spending of $1,080.5 million divided by the state's $132 spending per visitor. This is county person-trips, not a Fargo-city unique-headcount — |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0675 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 11 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 11 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.51 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Supercharger, 23rd Avenue South, Fargo) |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.0802 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.669 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 7.6 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00322860 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: power_utility_rate_commercial
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (76 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Fargo, ND ↓
Marginal Nashville, TN — 721,074 people · payback 13.1 yr
Who would charge here. 745,904 people in the county × 4.5 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 3,386 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 35,557 kWh a week, or 1,015.9 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 16,900,000 a year, 71.4% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 50,355 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 484.2 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 20 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 10.2 stops a day.
The money. 10.2 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 130,366 kWh a year, sold at 60¢ and bought at 12.0¢. Revenue $78,220; electricity −$15,683; card fees −$2,347; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,732 (rent index 1.12); insurance −$1,500. Net $14,558 a year. Break-even is 10.9 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: 13.1 years.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Nashville, TN
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 721,074 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 745,904 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.54 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Tennessee had 33,221 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 7,315,076 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 16,900,000 visitors/year | estimated | — Nashville Convention & Visitors Corp / Tourism Economics figure for calendar year 2024, the most recent complete year the authority has published; 2025’s ~17 million has appeared only as meeting chatter, not a finished r |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.7135 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 20 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 34 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.6 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Electrify America, Simon Opry Mills) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1203 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1394 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.122 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 37.8 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00408238 |
Pack researched 2026-09-13 · the full pack (77 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Nashville, TN ↓
Does not pay Boise City, ID — 238,429 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 546,141 people in the county × 4.2 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 2,288 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 24,027 kWh a week, or 686.5 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 2,400,000 a year, 95.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 1,248 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 12.0 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 13 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 7.1 stops a day.
The money. 7.1 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 91,054 kWh a year, sold at 60¢ and bought at 9.2¢. Revenue $54,633; electricity −$8,331; card fees −$1,639; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,138 (rent index 1.02); insurance −$1,500. Net −$376 a year. Break-even is 10.2 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Boise City, ID
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 238,429 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 546,141 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.19 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Idaho had 8,501 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 2,029,733 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 2,400,000 visitors/year | sourced | Visit Boise |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.95 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 13 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 21 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.6 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Electrify America, Walmart 2508 Boise) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.0915 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.0992 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.023 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 32.1 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00024131 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (78 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Boise City, ID ↓
Does not pay Bend, OR — 107,342 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 213,072 people in the county × 15.1 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 3,209 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 33,693 kWh a week, or 962.7 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 978,600 a year, 61.4% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 3,925 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 37.7 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 13 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 10.2 stops a day.
The money. 10.2 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 130,410 kWh a year, sold at 47¢ and bought at 10.6¢. Revenue $61,293; electricity −$13,876; card fees −$1,839; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$7,998 (rent index 1.33); insurance −$1,500. Net −$1,320 a year. Break-even is 14.6 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Bend, OR
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 107,342 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 213,072 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 15.06 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Oregon had 64,361 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 4,273,586 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual overnight visitors | 978,600 person-trips/year | estimated | — Dean Runyan's Visit Bend 2025 preliminary report (March 2026) is the visitor authority's most recent complete calendar-year overnight person-trip count: 978,600 in 2025. This is overnight visitors only; the same report d |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.6143 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 13 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 17 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.47 $/kWh | sourced | Pacific Power |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1064 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1059 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.333 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 32.1 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00350694 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Bend, OR ↓
Does not pay Ely, NV — 3,946 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 8,661 people in the county × 14.4 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 125 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 1,312 kWh a week, or 37.5 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 306,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 3,182 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 30.6 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 1 fast-charging site already within 10 miles → 4.9 stops a day.
The money. 4.9 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 68,349 kWh a year, sold at 66¢ and bought at 9.6¢. Revenue $45,110; electricity −$6,541; card fees −$1,353; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,032 (rent index 0.67); insurance −$1,500. Net −$5,716 a year. Break-even is 8.1 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Ely, NV
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 3,946 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 8,661 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 14.43 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Nevada had 47,361 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 3,282,188 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 306,000 visitors/year | sourced | White Pine County Tourism and Recreation Board (via Citizen Portal meeting summary) |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.66 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.0957 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.0983 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.672 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 26.2 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00023154 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (78 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Ely, NV ↓
Does not pay Sarasota, FL — 58,458 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 479,958 people in the county × 10.9 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 5,212 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 54,730 kWh a week, or 1,563.7 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 2,710,700 a year, 77.9% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 6,222 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 59.8 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 20 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 11.0 stops a day.
The money. 11.0 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 141,092 kWh a year, sold at 39¢ and bought at 10.8¢. Revenue $55,026; electricity −$15,167; card fees −$1,651; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$7,152 (rent index 1.19); insurance −$1,500. Net −$7,844 a year. Break-even is 18.6 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Sarasota, FL
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 58,458 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 479,958 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 10.86 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Florida had 254,878 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 23,462,518 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 2,710,700 visitors/year | estimated | — Visit Sarasota County's FY 2025 figure (October 1, 2024–September 30, 2025): 2,710,700 visitors to Sarasota County, not the City of Sarasota, and not a calendar year — the CVB does not publish a calendar-year total. Incl |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.7793 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 20 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 34 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.39 $/kWh | sourced | IONNA |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1075 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1147 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.192 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 62.4 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00012871 |
Pack researched 2026-09-12 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Sarasota, FL ↓
Does not pay Portland, ME — 69,911 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 317,222 people in the county × 5.2 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 1,653 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 17,354 kWh a week, or 495.8 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 2,653,500 a year, 46.1% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 14,888 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 143.2 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 14 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 6.1 stops a day.
The money. 6.1 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 85,516 kWh a year, sold at 61¢ and bought at 21.1¢. Revenue $52,165; electricity −$18,027; card fees −$1,565; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,696 (rent index 1.12); insurance −$1,500. Net −$13,023 a year. Break-even is 11.9 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Portland, ME
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 69,911 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 317,222 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 5.21 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Maine had 7,377 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 1,414,874 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 2,653,500 visitors/year | sourced | Maine Office of Tourism (Downs & St. Germain) |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.4605 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 14 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 48 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.61 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Supercharger, Portland ME – Brighton Avenue) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.2108 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.2224 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.116 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 24 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00014764 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Portland, ME ↓
Does not pay Columbia, MO — 130,851 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 191,746 people in the county × 4.3 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 821 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 8,617 kWh a week, or 246.2 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 1,700,000 a year, 6.1% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 16,609 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 159.7 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 8 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 6.4 stops a day.
The money. 6.4 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 90,538 kWh a year, sold at 42¢ and bought at 9.7¢. Revenue $38,026; electricity −$8,809; card fees −$1,141; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,656 (rent index 0.78); insurance −$1,500. Net −$15,480 a year. Break-even is 14.2 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Columbia, MO
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 130,851 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 191,746 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.28 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Missouri had 26,861 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 6,270,541 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 1,700,000 visitors/year | sourced | Columbia Convention & Visitors Bureau / CSL International feasibility study |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0606 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 8 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 12 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.42 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Supercharger, Columbia MO - West Broadway) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.0973 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1271 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.776 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 30.9 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00231801 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: Federal cross-check of the pack's fast-charging note — unconfirmed: the note names Rivian Adventure Network, but the snapshot has no Rivian Adventure Network fast-charging site within 10 miles; the DOE/AFDC snapshot lists 8 open public DC fast-charging sites (44 fast ports) within 10 miles. The ladder uses the locator count.
Pack researched 2026-09-12 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Columbia, MO ↓
Does not pay Stillwater, OK — 50,046 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 83,889 people in the county × 5.5 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 465 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 4,880 kWh a week, or 139.4 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 400,000 a year, 8.7% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 3,799 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 36.5 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 4 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 5.0 stops a day.
The money. 5.0 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 64,222 kWh a year, sold at 52¢ and bought at 8.0¢. Revenue $33,396; electricity −$5,138; card fees −$1,002; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,020 (rent index 0.67); insurance −$1,500. Net −$15,664 a year. Break-even is 11.4 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Stillwater, OK
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 50,046 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 83,889 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 5.54 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Oklahoma had 22,843 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 4,123,288 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 400,000 person-trips/year | derived | — Visit Stillwater does not publish a citywide annual visitor count, only grant-supported event counts, so calendar-year 2024 lodging occupancy is the last complete year that can be turned into people; using a different ye |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0868 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 4 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 6 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.52 $/kWh | sourced | Rivian Roamer (Francis Energy Strickland Park) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.08 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.099 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.67 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 37.4 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00053926 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Stillwater, OK ↓
Does not pay Buffalo, NY — 274,613 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 946,741 people in the county × 6.6 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 6,211 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 65,212 kWh a week, or 1,863.2 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 7,600,000 a year, 33.7% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 52,435 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 504.2 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 39 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 8.5 stops a day.
The money. 8.5 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 118,812 kWh a year, sold at 47¢ and bought at 23.6¢. Revenue $55,842; electricity −$27,992; card fees −$1,675; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,440 (rent index 0.74); insurance −$1,500. Net −$17,166 a year. Break-even is 19.5 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Buffalo, NY
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 274,613 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 946,741 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 6.56 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — New York had 131,250 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 20,002,427 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 7,600,000 visitors/year | sourced | Visit Buffalo |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.3366 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 39 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 62 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.47 $/kWh | sourced | New York Power Authority, EVolve NY |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.2356 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.74 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 25.5 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00014733 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: power_utility_rate_commercial · Federal cross-check of the pack's fast-charging note — unconfirmed: the note names EVolve NY, but the snapshot has no EVolve NY fast-charging site within 10 miles; the DOE/AFDC snapshot lists 39 open public DC fast-charging sites (113 fast ports) within 10 miles. The ladder uses the locator count.
Pack researched 2026-09-13 · the full pack (77 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Buffalo, NY ↓
Does not pay Clifton, AZ — 3,752 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 9,312 people in the county × 11.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 110 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 1,152 kWh a week, or 32.9 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 26,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 270 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 2.6 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 5.1 stops a day.
The money. 5.1 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 64,803 kWh a year, sold at 48¢ and bought at 13.2¢. Revenue $31,106; electricity −$8,573; card fees −$933; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$2,580 (rent index 0.43); insurance −$1,500. Net −$19,881 a year. Break-even is 14.0 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Clifton, AZ
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 3,752 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 9,312 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 11.78 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Arizona had 89,798 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 7,623,818 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 26,000 visitors/year | estimated | — 2024 is the latest complete calendar year in the Arizona Office of Tourism / Dean Runyan county tables; no DMO publishes a Clifton head-count, and Greenlee is a mining county with a small visitor economy, not a tourist c |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.48 $/kWh | estimated | — Arizona public DC fast estimate (secondary compilation); Clifton has zero public DCFC stations within 10 miles. Typical of Electrify America non-member pricing in the state. Unconfirmed -- treated as our estimate. |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1323 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1247 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.43 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 47.3 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00021849 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Clifton, AZ ↓
Does not pay Dover, TN — 1,918 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 14,439 people in the county × 4.5 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 66 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 688 kWh a week, or 19.7 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 151,151 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 1,572 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 15.1 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 5.0 stops a day.
The money. 5.0 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 63,475 kWh a year, sold at 46¢ and bought at 12.9¢. Revenue $29,199; electricity −$8,214; card fees −$876; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$3,156 (rent index 0.53); insurance −$1,500. Net −$21,947 a year. Break-even is 14.9 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Dover, TN
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 1,918 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 14,439 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.54 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Tennessee had 33,221 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 7,315,076 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 151,151 visits/year | sourced | National Park Service (via Wikipedia) |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.46 $/kWh | estimated | — Typical public DC fast-charging price in Tennessee (Tesla Supercharger, Electrify America and similar networks); Dover itself has zero public EV charging stations of any kind. |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1294 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1394 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.526 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 36.7 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00402589 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (79 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Dover, TN ↓
Does not pay Cody, WY — 10,377 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 31,171 people in the county × 1.9 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 60 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 632 kWh a week, or 18.0 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 339,000 a year, 11.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 3,136 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 30.2 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 1 fast-charging site already within 10 miles → 3.4 stops a day.
The money. 3.4 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 48,386 kWh a year, sold at 55¢ and bought at 10.5¢. Revenue $26,612; electricity −$5,095; card fees −$798; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$4,464 (rent index 0.74); insurance −$1,500. Net −$22,645 a year. Break-even is 10.3 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Cody, WY
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 10,377 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 31,171 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 1.93 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Wyoming had 1,139 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 588,753 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 339,000 person-trips/year | estimated | — Calendar year 2025, Wyoming Office of Tourism / Dean Runyan: 339,000 hotel, motel, and STVR overnight person-trips in Park County. Cody holds essentially all of that lodging (the DMO director has said Cody has about 2,80 |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.1104 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.55 $/kWh | sourced | ChargeHub (Denny Menholt Chevrolet GMC, EV Connect) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1053 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1001 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.744 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 27.3 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00481840 |
Pack researched 2026-09-11 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Cody, WY ↓
Does not pay Alturas, CA — 2,634 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 8,426 people in the county × 31.9 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 269 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 2,825 kWh a week, or 80.7 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 42,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 437 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 4.2 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 1 fast-charging site already within 10 miles → 6.1 stops a day.
The money. 6.1 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 77,483 kWh a year, sold at 62¢ and bought at 39.5¢. Revenue $48,039; electricity −$30,575; card fees −$1,441; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$3,540 (rent index 0.59); insurance −$1,500. Net −$26,417 a year. Break-even is 22.0 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Alturas, CA
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 2,634 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 8,426 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 31.93 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — California had 1,256,646 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 39,355,309 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 42,000 visitors/year | estimated | — Calendar year 2023, the most recent complete year whose county table was actually opened. Visit California/Dean Runyan do not publish a person-trip count for Modoc or Alturas; they publish spending. This is not a tourist |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.62 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla Alturas Supercharger) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.3946 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.2733 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.59 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 32 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00040161 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Alturas, CA ↓
Does not pay Charleston, WV — 46,117 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 172,381 people in the county × 1.6 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 269 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 2,824 kWh a week, or 80.7 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 1,140,000 a year, 17.8% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 9,752 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 93.8 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 7 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 3.1 stops a day.
The money. 3.1 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 39,794 kWh a year, sold at 44¢ and bought at 12.3¢. Revenue $17,509; electricity −$4,915; card fees −$525; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$3,858 (rent index 0.64); insurance −$1,500. Net −$30,688 a year. Break-even is 15.7 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Charleston, WV
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 46,117 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 172,381 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 1.56 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — West Virginia had 2,758 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 1,766,147 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 1,140,000 visitors/year | derived | — Calendar year 2023 is the latest year Tourism Economics published both statewide visitor volume and Kanawha County spending; Charleston CVB does not publish a citywide annual visitor total. This is an overnight-oriented |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.1775 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 7 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 11 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.44 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Tesla public station pricing) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1235 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1109 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.643 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 35 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00013866 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Charleston, WV ↓
Does not pay Santa Fe, NM — 89,837 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 156,907 people in the county × 4.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 758 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 7,958 kWh a week, or 227.4 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 2,000,000 a year, 9.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 18,926 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 182.0 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 20 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 2.8 stops a day.
The money. 2.8 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 39,131 kWh a year, sold at 48¢ and bought at 12.2¢. Revenue $18,783; electricity −$4,790; card fees −$563; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$6,210 (rent index 1.03); insurance −$1,500. Net −$31,680 a year. Break-even is 13.2 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Santa Fe, NM
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 89,837 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 156,907 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.83 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — New Mexico had 10,276 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 2,125,498 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual overnight visitors | 2,000,000 visitors/year | sourced | TOURISM Santa Fe City Profile |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.0901 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 20 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 27 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.48 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker (Electrify America June 2026 report) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1224 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1082 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.035 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 30.1 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00298085 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Santa Fe, NM ↓
Does not pay Worland, WY — 4,730 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 7,597 people in the county × 1.9 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 15 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 154 kWh a week, or 4.4 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 60,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 624 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 6.0 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 1.5 stops a day.
The money. 1.5 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 20,875 kWh a year, sold at 52¢ and bought at 10.5¢. Revenue $10,855; electricity −$2,198; card fees −$326; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$2,988 (rent index 0.50); insurance −$1,500. Net −$33,557 a year. Break-even is 10.8 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Worland, WY
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 4,730 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 7,597 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 1.93 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Wyoming had 1,139 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 588,753 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual overnight visitors | 60,000 person-trips/year | estimated | — Wyoming Office of Tourism / Dean Runyan, calendar year 2025 (report dated April 2026): Washakie County overnight person-trips = 60,000. This is the county, not the city; Worland is the seat and motel hub, but camping/oth |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | estimated | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.52 $/kWh | sourced | DCFC Tracker Wyoming directory (NREL AFDC inventory + network public pricing) |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1053 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1001 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.498 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 17.2 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00489770 |
Pack researched 2026-09-11 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Worland, WY ↓
Does not pay Presidio, TX — 2,909 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 5,433 people in the county × 7.3 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 39 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 414 kWh a week, or 11.8 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 17,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 177 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 1.7 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 1.9 stops a day.
The money. 1.9 stops × 35.0 kWh × 365 = 24,698 kWh a year, sold at 43¢ and bought at 14.2¢. Revenue $10,620; electricity −$3,507; card fees −$319; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$1,836 (rent index 0.31); insurance −$1,500. Net −$33,942 a year. Break-even is 16.7 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Presidio, TX
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 2,909 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 5,433 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 7.26 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Texas had 230,125 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 31,709,821 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 17,000 people/year | estimated | — No convention-and-visitor authority publishes a city headcount; this estimate is anchored to the City of Presidio’s FY2023 hotel occupancy tax (the latest complete year the city published) and cross-checked against calen |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.43 $/kWh | estimated | — No public DC fast charger exists in Presidio (zero stations within 10 miles per NREL data); this uses the Texas statewide DC-fast average as a proxy for what a network station would charge here. |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.142 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.0866 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.306 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 50.9 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00417262 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (74 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Presidio, TX ↓
Does not pay Scott City, KS — 3,855 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 4,815 people in the county × 3.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 18 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 192 kWh a week, or 5.5 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 55,300 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 575 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 5.5 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 1.6 stops a day.
The money. 1.6 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 22,092 kWh a year, sold at 47¢ and bought at 12.3¢. Revenue $10,383; electricity −$2,711; card fees −$311; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$2,754 (rent index 0.46); insurance −$1,500. Net −$34,293 a year. Break-even is 12.8 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Scott City, KS
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 3,855 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 4,815 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 3.79 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Kansas had 11,271 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 2,977,220 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 55,300 visitors/year | derived | — 2024 is the latest complete calendar year in Tourism Economics county spending (via the Dodge City STAR study) combined with the 2024 Kansas statewide visitor volume and spending report; no city CVB publishes a Scott Cit |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.47 $/kWh | estimated | — Scott City has no public DC fast charger (only a restricted Level 2 at the Wheatland office); this is the Kansas-wide public DCFC estimate used as the local proxy until NEVI sites appear. Unconfirmed -- treated as our es |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1227 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.459 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 29.9 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00147271 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: power_utility_rate_commercial
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (77 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Scott City, KS ↓
Does not pay Malta, MT — 1,846 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 4,203 people in the county × 4.0 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 17 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 178 kWh a week, or 5.1 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 25,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 260 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 2.5 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 0 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 1.1 stops a day.
The money. 1.1 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 15,220 kWh a year, sold at 42¢ and bought at 13.5¢. Revenue $6,392; electricity −$2,049; card fees −$192; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$2,682 (rent index 0.45); insurance −$1,500. Net −$37,430 a year. Break-even is 15.6 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Malta, MT
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 1,846 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 4,203 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 4.03 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Montana had 4,608 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 1,144,694 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 25,000 visitors/year | estimated | — No city or Missouri River Country CVA publishes a Malta calendar-year visitor total; this 2024–25 composite is built from the dinosaur museum, Bowdoin NWR FY2024 visits, and known lodging, not from a single authority yea |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 0 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.42 $/kWh | estimated | — No public DC fast charger exists in Malta, MT (tiny Hi-Line town of ~1,800); this is a typical Montana network price from Tesla, Electrify America and EVgo. |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1346 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1348 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.447 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 17.6 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00245334 |
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (80 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Malta, MT ↓
Does not pay Winner, SD — 2,969 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 5,708 people in the county × 1.8 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 10 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 107 kWh a week, or 3.1 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 74,000 a year, 0.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 770 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 7.4 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 1 fast-charging site already within 10 miles → 0.7 stops a day.
The money. 0.7 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 10,504 kWh a year, sold at 40¢ and bought at 11.3¢. Revenue $4,202; electricity −$1,192; card fees −$126; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$3,270 (rent index 0.55); insurance −$1,500. Net −$39,287 a year. Break-even is 15.7 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Winner, SD
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 2,969 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 5,708 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 1.79 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — South Dakota had 1,675 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 935,094 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 74,000 visitors/year | derived | — Calendar year 2025: Travel South Dakota/Tourism Economics published 14.97 million statewide visitors and $25.6 million of visitor spending in Tripp County; Winner is the county's lodging and retail hub so almost all of t |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 1 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charger | 0.4 $/kWh | sourced | ChargeHub |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.1135 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 0.545 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 23.8 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USC00399367 |
Gaps in this town's inputs: power_utility_rate_commercial
Pack researched 2026-09-09 · the full pack (77 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Winner, SD ↓
Does not pay Burlington, VT — 44,019 people · payback never
Who would charge here. 169,115 people in the county × 12.1 EVs per 1,000 statewide = 2,050 electric cars nearby. Each uses about 70 kWh a week and buys 15% of it at public fast chargers → 21,522 kWh a week, or 614.9 stops a week at 35 kWh a stop. Visitors: 1,960,000 a year, 39.0% of them arriving by air; the rest own EVs at the US rate of 10.4 per 1,000 → 12,442 EV parties a year, half of whom charge in town → 119.6 stops a week. Passing highway traffic: none assumed (we have no traffic count). Split evenly with the 18 fast-charging sites already within 10 miles → 5.5 stops a day.
The money. 5.5 stops × 38.5 kWh (cold-month uplift applied) × 365 = 77,610 kWh a year, sold at 24¢ and bought at 19.2¢. Revenue $18,626; electricity −$14,940; card fees −$559; demand charges −$28,800; network −$1,000; maintenance −$7,600; ground rent −$7,002 (rent index 1.17); insurance −$1,500. Net −$42,774 a year. Break-even is 100.2 stops a day once the $190,000 build is written off over 10 years. Payback: never — the site loses money every year.
The numbers this town supplied, and where each came from — Burlington, VT
| Input | Value | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| People living here | 44,019 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, Subcounty Population Estimates |
| People in the surrounding county | 169,115 people | sourced | US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, statewide | 12.12 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center, Electric Vehicle Registrations by State — Vermont had 7,816 registered light-duty EVs (as of December 31, 2023) and 644,663 residents (Census vintage 2025). |
| Annual visitors | 1,960,000 visitors/year | derived | — Calendar year 2024 (most recent complete year the state has published). Hello Burlington does not publish a city visitor count; Vermont’s official 16 million statewide visitors and Chittenden’s 24.5% of visitor spending |
| Share of visitors who arrive by air | 0.3896 share | derived | — A party that flies in has two airport transfers to make and no car; a party that drives in has neither. This is the fork the whole visitor chain turns on, and where two published counts exist it is division rather than j |
| Electric cars per 1,000 residents, US | 10.4 EVs/1,000 people | derived | US DOE AFDC + US Census Bureau — All states' registrations (3,555,445, as of December 31, 2023) over the US resident population. |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 10 miles | 18 sites | sourced | US DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast-charging sites within 25 miles | 38 sites | sourced | US DOE AFDC station locator, snapshot 2026-09-16 |
| Public DC fast charging | 0.24 $/kWh | sourced | Burlington Electric Department |
| What this utility's business customers pay on average | 0.1925 $/kWh | derived | — The same calculation for the commercial class, which is the one a leased bay with a charger would be billed on. |
| Average business electricity price in this state | 0.2122 $/kWh | sourced | US Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A |
| How this town's property costs compare with the country | 1.167 x national | derived | — Rent is the other half of a local cost. There is no published rent for small commercial bays anywhere in the country, so the pack uses the one property price that IS published for 32,330 places -- what people pay to rent |
| Average temperature in the coldest month | 20.9 F | sourced | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals, station USW00014742 |
Pack researched 2026-09-14 · the full pack (79 records) · this town on the Cybercab ladder · Change the assumptions for Burlington, VT ↓
Change the assumptions
The register — what the model brings of its own
| Assumption | Default | Why this number |
|---|---|---|
| Stalls at the site | 2 stalls | The smallest site a network builds: two 150 kW dispensers on one cabinet. |
| Cost to build the site | 190,000 $ | Two 150 kW dispensers, the power cabinet, trenching, a transformer or utility make-ready, permits and signage. Our estimate; industry cost surveys put a two-stall 150 kW site anywhere from about $120k to $300k depending on how far the utility service has to come. Grants (NEVI, state programs) are NOT assumed -- add them by lowering this number. |
| Years the hardware lasts | 10 years | Straight-line write-off used for the break-even line. Our estimate. |
| Share of a local EV’s charging done at public fast chargers | 0.15 share | Most EV owners charge at home overnight; public fast charging is the exception, not the rule. Our estimate; owner surveys range from about a tenth to a quarter, higher for apartment dwellers. |
| Electricity one EV uses in a week | 70 kWh | 12,000 miles a year at 3.3 miles per kWh is 3,640 kWh a year, 70 a week. Our estimate from those two round numbers. |
| Electricity sold per charging stop | 35 kWh | A typical fast-charge stop adds 20 to 80 percent on a 60 kWh pack. Our estimate. |
| Share of visiting EV drivers who charge in town | 0.5 share | A visitor who came by EV usually needs one charge to get home or onward; half is our estimate, lower where the town is a day trip from a city. |
| Extra EVs a day passing through on the highway | 0 EVs/day | We have NO traffic count for any town. Corridor towns (Ely NV on US-50, Presidio TX at the border) live on this and it is missing. Zero by default so the model cannot invent it; type in what you know. |
| Share of those who stop to charge | 0.2 share | Only applies if you set passing EVs above zero. Our estimate. |
| Most stops one stall can serve in a day | 16 stops | A 40-minute stop plus turnover, over a 16-hour busy window, with queueing losses. Our estimate; a busy urban stall does more, a rural one never gets near it. |
| Extra electricity sold per stop where the coldest month averages below freezing | 0.1 share | Cold cuts range, so drivers charge more often and longer. Applied only where the pack’s coldest-month average is below 32 F. Our estimate. |
| Peak kW the utility bills each month | 200 kW | Two 150 kW stalls rarely peak together; 200 kW is our estimate of the billed demand. |
| Demand charge, per kW per month | 12 $/kW-mo | THE number that decides rural fast charging, and the one the town packs do not carry: it is set per utility tariff. $12 is our middle estimate; commercial tariffs run from about $5 to $25 and a few far above. Move this first. |
| Network and software fee per stall | 500 $/year | Payment processing platform, remote monitoring, app listing. Our estimate. |
| Maintenance, as a share of the build cost each year | 0.04 share | Cable and connector replacement, a service contract, vandalism. Our estimate. |
| Card and payment fees on every dollar | 0.03 share | Card networks take about three percent. Our estimate. |
| Ground rent for two spaces and the cabinet, at national costs | 6,000 $/year | Scaled by the pack’s local rent index. Our estimate; a host business often takes a revenue share instead. |
| Insurance | 1,500 $/year | Liability for an unattended electrical installation. Our estimate. |
| Payback that counts as a pass | 7 years | The verdict line. Under this many years the ladder calls the site viable; under twice this, marginal; beyond that, or never, it fails. |
What this model cannot see
- No traffic counts. Highway pass-through is the whole story for a corridor town and this model has zero for it unless you type one in.
- EVs are counted from a STATEWIDE registration rate applied to the county population. A college town or a ski town can be far above its state rate; a farm county far below.
- The demand charge is an estimate, not the utility’s tariff. It is the single most decisive cost and the packs do not carry it.
- Competitors are counted from the US DOE station locator on a straight-line radius; a station listed is not a station working, and one across the river may not compete at all.
- No grants or incentives are assumed, no revenue share with a host, no advertising income, no future growth in EV numbers. Every one of those helps the site.
- The town packs’ visitor counts are themselves estimates in most towns; the pack says so record by record.
Built 2026-09-20 by fleet/charger/_build.py from inputs.json (packs read 2026-09-18) through model.js 0.1.0 under node; the calculator above runs the same file in your browser. Town packs: /api/fleet/cities. Your town is not here? Ask for it — one request researches the town once, and every sim reads the pack.